Globalization is the process of countries, through increasing contact, communication and trade, coming closer together to create a single global system in which developments in one part of the world can profoundly affect individuals or communities in other parts of the world. The Globalization Studies major provides an opportunity to explore from an interdisciplinary perspective the forms that globalization takes, the forces that shape them, and their consequences for the life chances of individuals and communities worldwide, as well as for the global system itself. Students will also increase their understanding of the continuously and rapidly changing international environment in which they live and the place of the United States in it.
Students pursuing both a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree or Bachelors of Science (BS) degree are required to complete a minimum of two years of foreign language study in a language appropriate to the chosen specialization. Ohio State currently offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek.
To learn more about major requirements, check out the links below. Requirements and course offerings do change, so if you have any questions please reach out to internationalstudies@osu.edu or contact your academic advisor.
Globalization Studies Major Requirements
Bachelor of Arts
Foreign Language Requirement
This major requires completion of a minimum of two years of language study. Coursework completed at OSU or abroad and/or appropriate placement test results can document this.
To fulfill the foreign language requirement students have three options:
- Complete two years (4 semesters) of a single language
- Complete a foreign language minor
- Complete a second major in a language
For those opting to complete two years in a single language, OSU offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek. After completing 1101, 1102, 1103, you must complete one advanced language course at the 2000 level.
Embedded Literacies: 3 courses (9 hours)
Students must complete at least one course each in Advanced Writing (AW), Data Analysis (DA) and Technology (TECH). These courses are part of the major and courses which fulfill the requirements are indicated below.
Required Foundations: 2 courses (6 hours)
- INTSTDS 3850 - Introduction to Globalization
- INTSTDS 4852 - Research in Globalization (AW)
Methods & Analysis: Choose one course (3 hours)
- Geography 4103 - Introductory Spatial Data Analysis (DA)
- INTSTDS 3400 - The Analysis & Display of Data (DA)
- Political Science 3780 - Data Literacy & Data Visualization (DA)
- Sociology 5650 - Presenting & Communicating Quantitative Data (DA)
Primary Specialization & Secondary Specialization
If Globalization Studies is your Primary Specialization, choose five courses (15 hours). You will choose an additional 3 courses (9 hours) for your Secondary Specialization.
If Globalization Studies is your Secondary Specialization, choose three courses (9 hours).
- AAAS 3310 - Global Perspectives on the African Diaspora
- ANTHROP 3597.01 - Crisis! An Anthropological Perspective of Global Issues
- ANTHROP 5602 - Women’s Health in Global Perspective
- COMM 3597.01 - International Perspectives on Communication
- COMM 3554 - Social Implications of Communication Technology (TECH)
- COMM 3668 - Intercultural Communication
- COMPSTD 3360 - Introduction to Globalization & Culture
- COMPSTD 3645 - Cultures of Medicine
- COMPSTD 4597.02 - Global Culture
- EARTHSC 3411 - Water Security for the 21st Century
- ECON 4560 - Cooperation & Conflict in the Global Economy
- GEOG 3701 - The Making of the Modern World
- GEOG 3900 - Global Climate Change: Causes & Consequences
- GEOG 5501 - Urban Spaces & the Global Economy
- GEOG 5802 - Globalization & Environment
- HISTORY 3706 - Coca-Cola Globalization: The History of American Business
- INTSTDS 3703 - Ethical Issues in Information Technology (TECH)
- INTSTDS 4532 - Food Security & Globalization
- INTSTDS 4701 - The Development & Control of Weapons of Mass Destruction (TECH)
- INTSTDS 4850 - Understanding the Global Information Society
- INTSTDS/RELSTDS 4873 - Contemporary Religious Movements in Global Context
- INTSTDS 5640 - Globalization & Latin America
- MUSIC 3348 - Music on the Move in a Globalized World
- POLITSC 4210 - The Politics of European Integration
- POLITSC 4330 - Global Governance
- POLITSC 4331 - The United Nations System
- SLAVIC 5450 - Global Human Trafficking: Realities & Representations
- SOCIOL 3302 - Technology and Global Society (TECH)
- SOCIOL 5450 - Sociology of Global Health & Illness
- SOCIOL 5525 - Global Criminology
Foreign Language Requirement
This major requires completion of a minimum of two years of language study. Coursework completed at OSU or abroad and/or appropriate placement test results can document this.
To fulfill the foreign language requirement students have three options:
- Complete two years (4 semesters) of a single language
- Complete a foreign language minor
- Complete a second major in a language
For those opting to complete two years in a single language, OSU offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek. After completing 1101, 1102, 1103, you must complete one advanced language course at the 2000 level.
Embedded Literacies: 3 courses (9 hours)
Students must complete at least one course each in Advanced Writing (AW), Data Analysis (DA) and Technology (TECH). These courses are part of the major and courses which fulfill the requirements are indicated below.
Required Foundations: 4 courses (12 hours)
- Comparative Studies 3360 - Introduction to Globalization and Culture
- INTSTDS 3850 - Introduction to Globalization
- INTSTDS 4850 - Understanding the Global Information Society
- Political Science 4330 - Global Governance
Critical Perspectives: Choose 4 courses (12 hours), must include one EL Technology, one EL Advanced Writing & one EL Data Analysis
- Anthropology 5602 - Women’s Health in Global Perspective
- Comparative Studies 4597.01 - Global Studies of Science and Technology
- Comparative Studies 4597.02 - Global Culture
- ECON/INTSTDS 4560 - Cooperation and Conflict in the Global Economy
- Geography 3900 - Global Climate Change: Causes and Consequences
- Geography 5802 - Globalization & Environment
- History 3706 - Coca-Cola Globalization: The History of American Business
- INTSTDS 3400 - Analysis & Display of Data (EL Data Analysis)
- INTSTDS 3450 - Human Rights: An Introduction
- INTSTDS 3703 - Ethical Issues in the Information Age (EL Technology)
- INTSTDS 4700 - Terror & Terrorism (EL Advanced Writing)
- INTSTDS 4701 - The Development & Control of Weapons of Mass Destruction (EL Technology)
- INTSTDS 4852 - Research in Globalization (EL Advanced Writing)
- Music 3348 - Music on the Move in a Globalized World
- Political Science 3780 - Data Literacy & Data Visualization (EL Data Analysis)
- Political Science 4210 - The Politics of European Integration
- Political Science 4331 - The United Nations System
- RELSTDS/INTSTDS 4873 - Contemporary Religious Movements in Global Context
- SLAVIC/WGSST 5450 - Global Human Trafficking: Realities and Representations
- Sociology 5450 - Sociology of Global Health and Illness
- Sociology 5525 - Global Criminology
- WGSST 3505 - Feminist Perspectives on Globalization
Electives: choose 2 courses (6 hours)
For electives, students can choose any combination of two courses from other International Studies specializations, the list below and unused courses from the Critical Perspectives.
- AAAS 3310 Global Perspectives on the African Diaspora
- AEDECON/INTSTDS 4532 Food Security & Globalization
- Anthropology 3597.01 Crisis! An Anthropological Perspective of Global Issues
- Communication 3668 Intercultural Communication
- Comparative Studies 3645 Cultures of Medicine
- Comparative Studies 4597.03 Global Folklore
- COMPSTD/INTSTDS 3661 The City and Culture
- Economics 4130 World Economic Development in Historical Perspective
- ENG/GEOG 3597.03 Environmental Citizenship
- ENR 5480 Local Peoples and International Conservation
- Earth Sciences 3411 Water Security for the 21st Century
- Geography 3701 The Making of the Modern World
- Geography 5501 Urban Spaces and the Global Economy
- History 3376 The Silk Road
- History 3630 Same Sex Sexuality in Global Context
- History 3705 History of Capitalism in Comparative and Global Perspective
- Political Science 4940 The Politics of Immigration
- Sociology 3460 Environmental Justice
- SPANISH/INTSTDS 5640 Globalization and Latin America
Foreign Language Requirement
This major requires completion of a minimum of two years of language study. Coursework completed at OSU or abroad and/or appropriate placement test results can document this.
To fulfill the foreign language requirement students have three options:
- Complete two years (4 semesters) of a single language
- Complete a foreign language minor
- Complete a second major in a language
For those opting to complete two years in a single language, OSU offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek. After completing 1101, 1102, 1103, you must complete one advanced language course at the 2000 level.
Required Foundations: 4 courses (12 hours)
- Comparative Studies 3360 - Introduction to Globalization and Culture
- INTSTDS 3850 - Introduction to Globalization
- INTSTDS 4850 - Understanding the Global Information Society
- Political Science - 4330 Global Governance
Critical Perspectives: Choose 4 courses (12 hours)
- Anthropology 5602 Women’s Health in Global Perspective
- Comparative Studies 4597.01 Global Studies of Science and Technology
- Comparative Studies 4597.02 Global Culture
- ECON/INTSTDS 4560 Cooperation and Conflict in the Global Economy
- Geography 3900 Global Climate Change: Causes and Consequences
- Geography 5802 Globalization & Environment
- History 3706 Coca-Cola Globalization: The History of American Business
- Music 3348 Music on the Move in a Globalized World
- Political Science 4210 The Politics of European Integration
- Political Science 4331 The United Nations System
- RELSTDS/INTSTDS 4873 Contemporary Religious Movements in Global Context
- SLAVIC/WGSST 5450 Global Human Trafficking: Realities and Representations
- Sociology 5450 Sociology of Global Health and Illness
- Sociology 5525 Global Criminology
- WGSST 3505 Feminist Perspectives on Globalization
Electives: Choose 2 (6 hours)
For electives, students can choose any combination of two courses from other International Studies specializations, the list below or unused courses from Critical Perspectives.
- AAAS 3310 - Global Perspectives on the African Diaspora
- AAAS 4570 - Theorizing Colonialism and the Postcolonial
- AEDECON/INTSTDS 4532 - Food Security & Globalization
- Anthropology 3597.01 - Crisis! An Anthropological Perspective of Global Issues
- Classics 4597 - Nationalism Revisited
- Communication 3443 - Global Media
- Communication 3668 - Intercultural Communication
- Comparative Studies 3645 - Cultures of Medicine
- Comparative Studies 4597.03 - Global Folklore
- COMPSTD/INTSTDS 3661 - The City and Culture
- Economics 4130 - World Economic Development in Historical Perspective
- ENG/GEOG 3597.03 - Environmental Citizenship
- ENR 5480 - Local Peoples and International Conservation
- Earth Sciences 3411 - Water Security for the 21st Century
- Earth Sciences 5203 - Geo-Environment and Human Health
- Earth Sciences 5663 - Global Change and Sustainability in the Earth System
- Geography 3601 - Global Politics and the Modern Geopolitical Imagination
- Geography 3701 - The Making of the Modern World
- Geography 5501 - Urban Spaces and the Global Economy
- History 3376 - The Silk Road
- History 3630 - Same Sex Sexuality in Global Context
- History 3705 - History of Capitalism in Comparative and Global Perspective
- INTSTDS 5801 - Children and War
- Political Science 4940 - The Politics of Immigration
- Public Health/EHS 5320 - Climate Change and Human Health
- Sociology 3460 - Environmental Justice
- SPANISH/INTSTDS 5640 - Globalization and Latin America
Bachelor of Science
Foreign Language Requirement
This major requires completion of a minimum of two years of language study. Coursework completed at OSU or abroad and/or appropriate placement test results can document this.
To fulfill the foreign language requirement students have three options:
- Complete two years (4 semesters) of a single language
- Complete a foreign language minor
- Complete a second major in a language
For those opting to complete two years in a single language, OSU offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek. After completing 1101, 1102, 1103, you must complete one advanced language course at the 2000 level.
Embedded Literacies: 3 courses (9 hours)
Students must complete at least one course each in Advanced Writing (AW), and Technology (TECH), and complete a 3- course sequence in Data Analysis (DA). These courses are part of the major and courses which fulfill the requirements are indicated below.
Required Foundations: 2 courses (6 hours)
- INTSTDS 3850 - Introduction to Globalization
- INTSTDS 4852 - Research in Globalization (AW)
Data Analysis: 3 courses (9 hours), Choose 1 3-course sequence)
- Series 1
- Geography 4103 - Introductory Spatial Data Analysis
- Geography 5103 - Intermediate Spatial Data Analysis
- Geography 5210 - Fundamentals of Geographic Information System
- Series 2
- INTSTDS 3400 - The Analysis & Display of Data or Political Science 3780 - Data Literacy & Data Visualization
- Political Science 4781- Data Literacy in Political Science I
- Political Science 4782 - Data Literacy in Political Science II
- Series 3
- Statistics 2450.01 or 2450.02 Introduction to Statistical Analysis I
- Statistics 3301 - Statistical Modeling for Discovery I
- Statistics 3302 - Statistical Modeling for Discovery II
Specialization: Choose 6 courses (18 hours)
- AAAS 3310 - Global Perspectives on the African Diaspora
- ANTHROP 3597.01 - Crisis! An Anthropological Perspective of Global Issues
- ANTHROP 5602 - Women’s Health in Global Perspective
- COMM 3597.01 - International Perspectives on Communication
- COMM 3554 - Social Implications of Communication Technology (TECH)
- COMM 3668 - Intercultural Communication
- COMPSTD 3360 - Introduction to Globalization & Culture
- COMPSTD 3645/3645H - Cultures of Medicine
- COMPSTD 4597.02 - Global Culture
- EARTHSC 3411 - Water Security for the 21st Century
- ECON/INTSTDS 4560 - Cooperation & Conflict in the Global Economy
- GEOG 3701 - The Making of the Modern World
- GEOG 3900.01/3900.02 - Global Climate Change: Causes & Consequences
- GEOG 5501 - Urban Spaces & the Global Economy
- GEOG 5802 - Globalization & Environment
- HISTORY 3706 - Coca-Cola Globalization: The History of American Business
- INTSTDS/GEOG 3650 - A World Divided? Place, Space, and Regions in World Affairs
- INTSTDS 3703 - Ethical Issues in Information Technology (TECH)
- INTSTDS/AEDECON 4532 - Food Security & Globalization
- INTSTDS 4701 - Development & Control of Weapons of Mass Destruction (TECH)
- INTSTDS 4850 - Understanding the Global Information Society
- INTSTDS / RELSTDS 4873 - Contemporary Religious Movements in Global Context
- INTSTDS/SPANISH 5640 - Globalization & Latin America
- MUSIC 3348 - Music on the Move in a Globalized World
- POLITSC 421 - The Politics of European Integration
- POLITSC 4330 - Global Governance
- POLITSC 4331 - The United Nations System
- SLAVIC 5450 - Global Human Trafficking: Realities & Representations
- SOCIOL 3302 - Technology and Global Society (TECH)
- SOCIOL 5450 - Sociology of Global Health & Illness
- SOCIOL 5525 - Global Criminology
Foreign Language Requirement
This major requires completion of a minimum of two years of language study. Coursework completed at OSU or abroad and/or appropriate placement test results can document this.
To fulfill the foreign language requirement students have three options:
- Complete two years (4 semesters) of a single language
- Complete a foreign language minor
- Complete a second major in a language
For those opting to complete two years in a single language, OSU offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek. After completing 1101, 1102, 1103, you must complete one advanced language course at the 2000 level.
Embedded Literacies: 3 courses (9 hours)
Students must complete at least one course each in Advanced Writing, Data Analysis and Technology. These courses are part of the major and courses which fulfill the requirements are indicated below. The Stats 2450.01 prerequisite satisfies the EL Data Analysis.
Required Minor:
Students must complete one of the following minors, or a second major in the same field:
- Agribusiness: 4-5 courses (minimum 12 hours)
- Prerequisite: AEDECON 2001, or Econ 2001.01 or 2001.02
- Business: 5 courses (15 hours)
- Prerequisites: Econ 2001.01 or 2001.02, CSE 1110 or higher, Math 1130 or 1148 or math placement in M or L.
- City and Regional Planning: 4 courses (12 hours)
- Environmental Science: 5 courses (15 hours)
- Geographic Information Science: 6 courses (18 hours)
- Global Public Health: 5 courses (15 hours)
- Information Security: 6 courses (16 hours)
- Consult INTSTDS advisor for prerequisites and scheduling
- International Business: 6 courses (15 hours)
- Quantitative Economics: 5 courses (15-16 hours)
Required Foundations: 4 courses (12 hours)
- Comparative Studies 3360 - Introduction to Globalization and Culture
- INTSTDS 3850 - Introduction to Globalization
- INTSTDS 4850 - Understanding the Global Information Society
- Political Science - 4330 Global Governance
Critical Perspectives: Choose 4 courses (12 hours), must include one EL Technology & one EL Advanced Writing
- Anthropology 5602 - Women’s Health in Global Perspective
- Comparative Studies 4597.01 - Global Studies of Science and Technology
- Comparative Studies 4597.02 - Global Culture
- ECON/INTSTDS 4560 - Cooperation and Conflict in the Global Economy
- Geography 3900 - Global Climate Change: Causes and Consequences
- Geography 5802 - Globalization & Environment
- History 3706 - Coca-Cola Globalization: The History of American Business
- INTSTDS 3703 - Ethical Issues in the Information Age (EL Technology)
- INTSTDS 3450 - Human Rights: An Introduction
- INTSTDS 4700 - Terror & Terrorism (EL Advanced Writing)
- INTSTDS 4701 - The Development & Control of Weapons of Mass Destruction (EL Technology)
- INTSTDS 4852 - Research in Globalization (EL Advanced Writing)
- Music 3348 - Music on the Move in a Globalized World
- Political Science 4210 - The Politics of European Integration
- Political Science 4331 - The United Nations System
- RELSTDS/INTSTDS 4873 - Contemporary Religious Movements in Global Context
- SLAVIC/WGSST 5450 - Global Human Trafficking: Realities and Representations
- Sociology 5450 - Sociology of Global Health and Illness
- Sociology 5525 - Global Criminology
- WGSST 3505 - Feminist Perspectives on Globalization
Electives: Choose 1 course (3 hours)
For the elective, students can choose from the list below, unused courses from the Critical Perspectives, or a courses from other International Studies specializations.
- AAAS 3310 Global Perspectives on the African Diaspora
- AEDECON/INTSTDS 4532 Food Security & Globalization
- Anthropology 3597.01 Crisis! An Anthropological Perspective of Global Issues
- Comparative Studies 3645 Cultures of Medicine
- Comparative Studies 4597.03 Global Folklore
- COMPSTD/INTSTDS 3661 The City and Culture (3)
Economics 4130 World Economic Development in Historical Perspective (3)
ENG/GEOG 3597.03 Environmental Citizenship (3)
ENR 5480 Local Peoples and International Conservation (3)
Earth Sciences 3411 Water Security for the 21st Century (3)
Geography 3701 The Making of the Modern World (3)
Geography 5501 Urban Spaces and the Global Economy (3)
History 3630 Same Sex Sexuality in Global Context (3)
History 3705 History of Capitalism in Comparative and Global Perspective (3)
Political Science 4940 The Politics of Immigration (3)
Sociology 3460 Environmental Justice (3)
SPANISH/INTSTDS 5640 Globalization and Latin America (3)
Foreign Language Requirement
This major requires completion of a minimum of two years of language study. Coursework completed at OSU or abroad and/or appropriate placement test results can document this.
To fulfill the foreign language requirement students have three options:
- Complete two years (4 semesters) of a single language
- Complete a foreign language minor
- Complete a second major in a language
For those opting to complete two years in a single language, OSU offers courses in Arabic, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Mandarin Chinese, French, German, Hebrew, Hindi, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Modern Greek, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Quechua, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Uzbek. After completing 1101, 1102, 1103, you must complete one advanced language course at the 2000 level.
Embedded Literacies: 3 courses (9 hours)
Students must complete at least one course each in Advanced Writing, Data Analysis and Technology. These courses are part of the major and courses which fulfill the requirements are indicated below. The Stats 2450.01 prerequisite satisfies the EL Data Analysis.
Required Minor:
Students must complete one of the following minors, or a second major in the same field:
- Agribusiness: 4-5 courses (minimum 12 hours)
- Prerequisite: AEDECON 2001, or Econ 2001.01 or 2001.02
- Business: 5 courses (15 hours)
- Prerequisites: Econ 2001.01 or 2001.02, CSE 1110 or higher, Math 1130 or 1148 or math placement in M or L.
- City and Regional Planning: 4 courses (12 hours)
- Environmental Science: 5 courses (15 hours)
- Geographic Information Science: 6 courses (18 hours)
- Global Public Health: 5 courses (15 hours)
- Information Security: 6 courses (16 hours)
- Consult INTSTDS advisor for prerequisites and scheduling
- International Business: 6 courses (15 hours)
- Quantitative Economics: 5 courses (15-16 hours)
Required Foundations: 4 courses (12 hours)
- Comparative Studies 3360 - Introduction to Globalization and Culture
- INTSTDS 3850 - Introduction to Globalization
- INTSTDS 4850 - Understanding the Global Information Society
- Political Science 4330 - Global Governance
Critical Perspectives. Choose 4 courses (12 hours)
- Anthropology 5602 - Women’s Health in Global Perspective
- Comparative Studies 4597.01 - Global Studies of Science and Technology
- Comparative Studies 4597.02 - Global Culture
- ECON/INTSTDS 4560 - Cooperation and Conflict in the Global Economy
- Geography 3900 - Global Climate Change: Causes and Consequences
- Geography 5802 - Globalization & Environment
- History 3706 - Coca-Cola Globalization: The History of American Business
- Music 3348 - Music on the Move in a Globalized World
- Political Science 4210 - The Politics of European Integration
- Political Science 4331 - The United Nations System
- RELSTDS/INTSTDS 4873 - Contemporary Religious Movements in Global Context
- SLAVIC/WGSST 5450 - Global Human Trafficking: Realities and Representations
- Sociology 5450 - Sociology of Global Health and Illness
- Sociology 5525 - Global Criminology
- WGSST 3505 - Feminist Perspectives on Globalization
Electives: Choose 1 course (3 hours)
For the elective, students can choose from the list below, unused courses from the Critical Perspectives, or a courses from other International Studies specializations.
- AAAS 3310 - Global Perspectives on the African Diaspora
- AEDECON/INTSTDS 4532 - Food Security & Globalization
- Anthropology 3597.01 - Crisis! An Anthropological Perspective of Global Issues
- Communication 3443 - Global Media
- Comparative Studies 3645 - Cultures of Medicine
- Comparative Studies 4597.03 - Global Folklore
- COMPSTD/INTSTDS 3661 - The City and Culture
- Economics 4130 - World Economic Development in Historical Perspective
- ENG/GEOG 3597.03 - Environmental Citizenship
- ENR 5480 - Local Peoples and International Conservation
- Earth Sciences 3411 - Water Security for the 21st Century
- Geography 3601 - Global Politics and the Modern Geopolitical Imagination
- Geography 3701 - The Making of the Modern World
- Geography 5501 - Urban Spaces and the Global Economy
- History 3630 - Same Sex Sexuality in Global Context
- History 3705 - History of Capitalism in Comparative and Global Perspective
- INTSTDS 5801 - Children and War
- Political Science 4940 - The Politics of Immigration
- Public Health, EHS 5320 - Climate Change and Human Health
- Sociology 3460 - Environmental Justice
- SPANISH/INTSTDS 5640 - Globalization and Latin America